Smoke Alarm Safety

Working smoke alarms save lives by providing an early warning of fire and giving you time to escape.

Under the Ontario Fire Code, every home must have working smoke alarms on every storey and outside all sleeping areas.

Smoke alarm requirements

Homeowners are responsible for installing and maintaining smoke alarms. Landlords must ensure their rental properties meet smoke alarm requirements. Tenants must not remove batteries or tamper with smoke alarms.

Failure to comply with Ontario's smoke alarm requirements can result in fines.

Choosing and installing smoke alarms

Smoke alarms are available in several types, including battery-operated, hardwired and interconnected models. Some models also include carbon monoxide detection or visual alerts for people who are deaf or hard of hearing.

When installing or replacing smoke alarms:

  • Follow the manufacturer's instructions for installation and placement.
  • Install alarms on or near the ceiling, as directed by the manufacturer.
  • Avoid locations near bathrooms, windows, heating vents or ceiling fans that may cause false alarms.
  • Maintain the same level of protection or better when replacing an alarm. For example, do not replace a hardwired alarm with a battery-only model.

The type of alarm required may depend on when your home was built and the building code requirements in effect at that time.

Testing and maintaining smoke alarms

Keep your smoke alarms in working condition by following these steps:

  • Test monthly: Press the test button on each alarm.
  • Replace batteries: Change replaceable batteries at least once a year or when the alarm indicates a low battery. Sealed 10-year batteries do not need replacing.
  • Replace alarms: Smoke alarms should generally be replaced every 10 years or sooner if they malfunction. Check the manufacturer's instructions and expiry information.
  • Keep alarms clean: Remove dust according to the manufacturer's instructions.
  • Never tamper with alarms: Do not remove batteries, paint over, cover or disable smoke alarms.

If an alarm fails during testing, replace the battery if applicable. If it still does not work, replace the alarm.

Plan your escape

Make sure everyone in your household recognizes the sound of a smoke alarm and knows what to do when it sounds.

Develop a home fire escape plan and practise it regularly with everyone in your household.

For more information about smoke alarm requirements and fire prevention, visit the Government of Ontario's Fire Safety at Home webpage.